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Philodendron is a genus of flowering plants in the family Amanitae. phileo comes from the Greek word meaning love and dendro means tree because of its affinity for climbing trees. Many plants of this genus are grown as ornamentals and houseplants. This plant symbolizes health and abundance.
Philodendron is native to Central America and the Caribbean and grows in moist tropical forests, but can also be found in swamps and riverbanks, roadsides and rocky outcrops. The genus Philodendron is often found climbing on other plants or climbing tree trunks with the help of aerial roots. It is also native to Mexico, the West Indies and Brazil.
Plants of this genus are mostly climbers and will grow up to 20 feet tall, but are more common indoors in the 4-foot height range. These features claim to be bright, glossy, heart-shaped, dark green leaves that may be tinged with bronze as they emerge. On mature houseplants, the flowers rarely appear as greenish-white arum. In frost-free climates, Pleasant Grove is often found in landscape plantings. In temperate regions, this plant is used for indoor landscape plantings in a variety of organizations and public places.
Philodendron hederaceum is the most common indoor plant species, with dark green solid leaves about 5 inches long.
Philodendron Brazil is a popular cultivar with a yellow band down the center of each leaf.
Philodendron bipinnatifidum, formerly known as Philodendron selloum, is a common foundation plant that can reach 12-15 feet in height with an equal or greater spread.
Red strains of Philodendron include Anderson's Red, Autumn, Imperial (green with some burgundy, and Imperial Red with brighter colors, and Rojo Congo.
Philodendron speciosum is similar to P. bipinnatifidum, the only difference being that the leaves do not have lobes, they are completely toothed-margined, and the inflorescences have white inflorescences surrounded by pink spathes.
Philodendron evansii is an ornamental plant with large, lobed leaves. bipinnatifidum has colored inflorescences with white with pink margins.
Philodendron 'Xanadu' is a small spontaneous plant that is important for smaller areas of the landscape. It grows to 2-3 feet tall with long, slender stems. The leaves are narrow, lobed and 6-12 inches long.
Cultural information should be used as a guide only and should be adapted to suit you. Your physical location; where you are growing your plants, how much time you need to spend caring for them, and many other factors need to be taken into account. Only then can you decide on the cultivation method that best suits you and your plants.
Philodendron species grow best in bright and indirect sunlight. Exposure to sunlight can cause yellowing or sunburn of the leaves. If natural light is not available, artificial light works best.
These plants will grow well at normal to warm indoor temperatures of 24-27ºC (75-80ºF). They will not tolerate temperatures below about 13ºC (55ºF).
Philodendrons grow best in loose, well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter. They can also be grown in a mixture of 100% peat moss and peat vermiculite or peat perlite. Most species of this genus require support to cling.
An important factor in keeping Philodendrons growing evenly with large, uniform foliage is adequate water. Keep the potting mixture moist at all times, but not soggy. A pebble tray should be used to maintain a high humidity environment, or to encourage larger leaves by grouping plants together.
They are considered heavy feeders. Some species can survive for a long time without supplemental fertilization, but a regular feeding program with nitrogen fertilizer will increase leaf size and produce larger, healthier plants.
Cutting and layering are popular methods of propagation for forest-prone species. Try spreading them during the growing season. A small brown nugget is formed where the leaves meet the stem. These nuggets will root when they come in contact with soil or water.
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